Humanity just made it through the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the past 20 years, our society has seen multiple notable human outbreaks of infectious diseases, including the avian influenza, zika virus and of course severe acute res...

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). In developing countries, co-infection of Mtb and HIV are common, as HIV could exacerbate TB. Nevertheless, the reverse impact of Mtb infection on HIV development has r...